Protocols for Postcapitalist Expression

Agency, Finance and Sociality in the New Economic Space

Dick Bryan, Jorge Lopez & Akseli Virtanen


The original ECSA economic white paper published as a book by Minor Compositions / Autonomedia (Colchester / New York / Port Watson, 2023).
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What would an Internet native economic system look like?

Could economic power be systematically shared amongst individuals and their self-defined groups, with no central economic authority? And could that system secure collectively defined social and environmental benefits and create liquidity for their production?


In Protocols for Postcapitalist Economic Expression Bryan, Lopez and Virtanen build the conditions for such a system. Where economic processes are not dictated by profit, what counts as value-creation, and is rewarded by dividends, can be collectively determined by the network. Care, the arts, the environment will not be after-thoughts, to be subsidized by states or the rich: they can be at the core of the economy’s value proposition.


This book develops protocols that can generate all these processes. A blend of theoretical engagement with big economic ideas (Marx, Keynes, Hayek and others), media and information analytics and careful protocol design of token-related processes of distributed exchange, matching, netting and clearing, Protocols systematically builds an alternative to neoliberal capitalism, centrally-planned socialism and reformist social democracy. In an expressive, creative, risk-sharing, data-rich network of investing, producing, exchanging and lending, standard economic propositions get stood on their heads… and new political possibilities emerge.

Book cover in the Co-Publishing platform
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Co-publishing Platform

An interactive online co-publishing platform was developed specifically for this work. This experimental platform allows readers to engage with the text in more ways than would be possible through traditional printing and distribution channels. The platform presents a new format for economic media that allows readers take part in the book's publishing process by acquiring stake in the text and joining a community of other readers and stakeholders.


The text of Protocols is subdivided into paragraphs, each one associated with a collectable NFT artwork. Participating readers can individually choose make a symbolic financial contribution that funds the book's publication. As more people contribute to the co-publication of the book, its text is gradually made public, one unit at a time: Participants turn the book-commodity into an open access publication and a living network; making it permanently accessible online for everyone.


Akseli Virtanen, Dick Bryan and Jorge López presenting the book on May 5, 2024 at House of Text in Helsinki, Finland.